Backward design
Define desired learning outcomes, design evidence of those outcomes, and then plan learning activities.
On this page
Framework · Education
Core concepts
- Desired results: understanding and performance possible after learning
- Assessment evidence: material used to judge achievement
- Learning experiences: activities connected to results and evidence
Application
Use this approach to redesign courses whose interesting activities do not align with objectives and assessment.
Limitations and jurisdiction
Choosing only easily measured objectives can narrow education. Incorporate needs discovered during learning as well.
Editorial perspectives
- Outcome alignment: maintain links between objectives, assessment and activities.
- Room for exploration: accommodate learner questions and unexpected learning.
Sources
Jay McTighe · Grant Wiggins · ASCD · 2004
Understanding by Design Professional Development Workbook: IntroductionContext: International reference; verify the application environment
Source checked: 2026-10-07
Independent editorial summary and source link; the original text is not republished.
Related personas
Translation status
Editorial English translation of the Korean edition. No professional translation or occupational expert review has been completed. Translation does not change the source jurisdiction.
Translation prepared: 2026-10-09 · Source fingerprint: kb-e2383de030c31672
Korean source