{"id":"psychological-safety","title":"Team psychological safety","summary":"A concept concerning a shared team belief that interpersonal risks such as asking questions or reporting mistakes can be taken.","concepts":["Shared belief: a team-level perception distinct from individual personality","Learning behavior: questions, requests for help and discussion of errors","Organizational context: support and leader responses"],"application":"Observe conditions that make raising concerns difficult in meetings or retrospectives, and review responses and follow-up after people speak.","limitations":"The 1999 study examined 51 teams in one manufacturing company. Do not extend it into proof of causal effects in every organization or of individual personality.","directions":["Support speaking up: provide opportunities to express uncertainty and mistakes.","Clarify responsibility: agree on improvement responsibilities after problems are disclosed."],"category":"Organization and HR","kind":"theory","kind_label":"Theory","persona_ids":["hr-manager","manager","recruiter","teacher"],"revision":1,"updated_at":"2026-10-07T00:00:00.000Z","sources":[{"title":"Psychological Safety and Learning Behavior in Work Teams","url":"https://web.mit.edu/curhan/www/docs/Articles/15341_Readings/Group_Performance/Edmondson%20Psychological%20safety.pdf","publisher":"Amy Edmondson · Administrative Science Quarterly","edition":"1999, 44(2), 350–383","region":"Study of teams in a manufacturing company","checked_at":"2026-10-07","reuse":"Independent editorial summary and source link; the original text is not republished."}],"review":{"status":"source-checked-editorial","expert_reviewed":false},"editorial_note":"Editorial English translation of the Korean edition. No professional translation or occupational expert review has been completed. Translation does not change the source jurisdiction.","language":"en","translation":{"status":"current","source_language":"ko","source_version":"kb-72d8e842c1f824c6","translated_at":"2026-10-09","professional_reviewed":false},"trust":"reference-data","version":"kb-c8c5562543300267","links":{"document":"/en/knowledge/psychological-safety","markdown":"/en/knowledge/psychological-safety.md","api":"/api/v1/knowledge/psychological-safety?lang=en"}}