{"id":"blooms-taxonomy","title":"Cognitive levels of learning objectives","summary":"A taxonomy for specifying what learners should be able to do through cognitive activities and observable action statements.","concepts":["Learning objectives: outcomes expressed as observable performance","Cognitive activities: distinctions such as knowledge, understanding, application and analysis","Assessment alignment: evidence of performance matching the objective"],"application":"When lesson goals are vague, specify learner performance and assessment tasks together.","limitations":"The original and revised taxonomies use different terminology. Do not rank every task on a single hierarchy or determine difficulty from a verb alone.","directions":["Foundations: check knowledge and understanding needed for subsequent performance.","Transfer: check application and analysis in new situations."],"category":"Education","kind":"framework","kind_label":"Framework","persona_ids":["teacher","instructional-designer"],"revision":1,"updated_at":"2026-10-07T00:00:00.000Z","sources":[{"title":"Bloom’s Taxonomy","url":"https://teaching.cornell.edu/resource/blooms-taxonomy","publisher":"Cornell Center for Teaching Innovation","edition":"Teaching material covering the 1956 original and 2001 revision","region":"International reference; verify the application environment","checked_at":"2026-10-07","reuse":"Independent editorial summary and source link; the original text is not republished."}],"review":{"status":"source-checked-editorial","expert_reviewed":false},"editorial_note":"Editorial English translation of the Korean edition. No professional translation or occupational expert review has been completed. Translation does not change the source jurisdiction.","language":"en","translation":{"status":"current","source_language":"ko","source_version":"kb-1ea678e5e49b0573","translated_at":"2026-10-09","professional_reviewed":false},"trust":"reference-data","version":"kb-e6b8d170bc1cc45c","links":{"document":"/en/knowledge/blooms-taxonomy","markdown":"/en/knowledge/blooms-taxonomy.md","api":"/api/v1/knowledge/blooms-taxonomy?lang=en"}}